To keep the same exposure when you change your shutter speed, you must also change the ...

• A. ISO
• B. Aperture
• C. White balance
• D. Metering mode

Answer: (B)

Exposure is controlled by how long light hits the sensor and how much light is allowed in, which comes from shutter speed, aperture, and ISO. When you change shutter speed, you alter the duration of light collection. To keep the total light the sensor receives the same, you adjust the aperture—open it to let in more light if you shorten the exposure, or close it to reduce light if you lengthen the exposure. Aperture also changes depth of field, so you’re balancing brightness with how much of the scene remains sharp.

White balance affects color temperature and does not change the amount of light reaching the sensor, so it won’t maintain the same exposure. Metering mode influences how the camera measures brightness but isn’t the direct means of keeping exposure constant when you tweak shutter speed. ISO changes the sensor’s sensitivity to light, and while you could adjust it, the typical way to compensate for a shutter speed change is to adjust the aperture.